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| In Mercurial, we do all of our work inside a [[Repository|repository]]. A repository is a directory that contains all of the source files that we want to keep history of, along with complete histories of those source files. | In Mercurial, we do all of our work inside a [[Repository|repository]]. A repository is a directory that contains all of the source files that we want to keep history of, along with complete histories of those source files (inside the .hg directory — see UnderstandingMercurial). |
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| To do this, we use the {{{clone}}} command. This makes a [[Clone|clone]] of a repository; it makes a complete copy of another repository so that we will have our own local, private one to work in. | To do this, we use the {{{clone}}} command.<<FootNote(http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/hg.1.html#clone)>> This makes a [[Clone|clone]] of a repository; it makes a complete copy of another repository so that we will have our own local, private one to work in. |
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| If all goes well, the {{{clone}}} command prints this (Mercurial 1.0): | If all goes well, the {{{clone}}} command prints this (Mercurial 1.4): |
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| updating working directory | updating to branch default |
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| Inside the {{{my-hello}}} directory, we should find some files: | Inside the {{{my-hello}}} directory, we should find some files, together with the .hg directory, that contains Mercurial's private data (basically the history of the repository plus various state information — see [[Repository]] for more information): |
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| $ ls my-hello Makefile hello.c |
$ ls -a . .. .hg Makefile hello.c |
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| These files are exact copies of the files in the repository we just cloned. | These files are exact copies of the files from the [[Tip|tip]] revision of the default branch in the repository we just cloned. |
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| By default, `hg clone` checks out (see [[Update]]) the [[Tip|tip]]most [[Revision|revision]] of the repository | By default, `hg clone` checks out (see [[Update]]) the [[Tip|tip]]most [[Revision|revision]] of the repository's ''default branch'' |
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| we can use the [[Parent|parents]] command: | we can use the [[Parent|parents]] command:<<FootNote(http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/hg.1.html#parents)>> |
Tutorial - Cloning a repository
(This page is part 2 of 9 of the Tutorial series. Previous part is TutorialInstall, next part is TutorialHistory)
You have followed TutorialInstall to install Mercurial already, right? Good!
In Mercurial, we do all of our work inside a repository. A repository is a directory that contains all of the source files that we want to keep history of, along with complete histories of those source files (inside the .hg directory — see UnderstandingMercurial).
The easiest way to get started with Mercurial is to use a repository that already contains some files and some history.
To do this, we use the clone command.1 This makes a clone of a repository; it makes a complete copy of another repository so that we will have our own local, private one to work in.
Let's clone a small "hello, world" repository hosted at selenic.com:
$ hg clone http://www.selenic.com/repo/hello my-hello
If all goes well, the clone command prints this (Mercurial 1.4):
requesting all changes adding changesets adding manifests adding file changes added 2 changesets with 2 changes to 2 files updating to branch default 2 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
We should now find a directory called my-hello in our current directory:
$ ls my-hello
Inside the my-hello directory, we should find some files, together with the .hg directory, that contains Mercurial's private data (basically the history of the repository plus various state information — see Repository for more information):
$ ls -a . .. .hg Makefile hello.c
These files are exact copies of the files from the tip revision of the default branch in the repository we just cloned.
Note: in Mercurial, each repository is self-contained. When you clone a repository, the new repository becomes an exact copy of the existing one at the time of the clone, but subsequent changes in either one will not show up in the other unless you explicitly transfer them, by either pulling or pushing.
By default, hg clone checks out (see Update) the tipmost revision of the repository's default branch into the repository's working directory. To see which revision is currently checked out, we can use the parents command:2
$ cd my-hello $ hg parents changeset: 1:82e55d328c8c tag: tip user: mpm@selenic.com date: Fri Aug 26 01:21:28 2005 -0700 summary: Create a makefile
At this point, we can start examining some of the history of our new repository, by continuing to TutorialHistory.