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| #pragma section-numbers 2 = Quick Start = An introduction for the impatient. <<TableOfContents>> |
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| By default Mercurial uses a username of the form 'user@localhost' for commits. This is often meaningless. It's best to configure a proper email address in {{{~/.hgrc}}} by adding lines such as the following: |
The first thing you should do is set the username Mercurial will use for commits. It's best to configure a proper email address in ''`~/.hgrc`'' <<FootNote(http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/hgrc.5.html)>> (or on a Windows system in ''`%USERPROFILE%\Mercurial.ini`'') by creating it and adding lines like the following: |
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| username = Author Name <email@address> | username = John Doe <john@example.com> |
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| If you have a URL to a browsable project repository (eg: http://selenic.com/hg), you can grab a copy like so: | If you have a URL to a browsable project [[Repository|repository]] (for example [[http://selenic.com/hg]]), you can grab a copy like so: |
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| $ hg clone http://selenic.com/hg | $ hg clone http://selenic.com/hg mercurial-repo real URL is http://www.selenic.com/hg/ requesting all changes adding changesets adding manifests adding file changes added 9633 changesets with 19124 changes to 1271 files updating to branch default 1084 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved |
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| This will create a new directory called hg (by default), grab the complete project history, and check out the tipmost changeset. | This will create a new directory called ''`mercurial-repo`'', grab the complete project history, and check out the most recent [[ChangeSet|changeset]] on the default branch. The '`summary`' command will summarize the state of the [[WorkingDirectory|working directory]]. Command names may be abbreviated, so entering just '`hg sum`' is enough: {{{ $ hg sum parent: 9632:16698d87ad20 tip util: use sys.argv[0] if $HG is unset and 'hg' is not in PATH branch: default commit: (clean) update: (current) }}} Here {{{commit: (clean)}}} means that there no [[LocalModifications|local changes]], {{{update: (current)}}} means that the checked out files (in the working directory) are updated to the newest revision in the repository. |
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| You'll want to start by creating an hg repository: | You'll want to start by creating a repository in the directory containing your project: |
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| Mercurial will look for a file named [".hgignore"] in the root of your repository which contains a set of regular expressions to ignore in file paths. Here's an example .hgignore file: |
Mercurial will look for a file named ''`.hgignore`'' <<FootNote(http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/hgignore.5.html)>> in the root of your repository which contains a set of glob patterns and regular expressions to ignore in file paths. Here's an example ''`.hgignore`'' file: |
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| Test your .hgignore file with: |
Test your ''`.hgignore`'' file with '`status`': |
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| This will list all files that are not ignored with a 'U' flag (unknown). Edit your .hgignore file until only files you want to track are listed by status. You'll want to track your .hgignore file too! But you'll probably not want to track files generated by your build process. Once you're satisfied, schedule your files to be added, then commit: | This will list all files that are not ignored with a '?' flag (not tracked). Edit your '`.hgignore`' file until only files you want to track are listed by status. You'll want to track your .hgignore file too! But you'll probably not want to track files generated by your build process. Once you're satisfied, schedule your files to be added, then commit: |
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| $ hg commit # commit all changes, edit changelog entry | $ hg commit # commit all changes into a new changeset, edit changelog entry $ hg parents # see the currently checked out revision (or changeset) |
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| == Branching and merging == | To get help on commands, simply run: |
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| $ hg clone linux linux-work # create a new branch $ cd linux-work |
$ hg help }}} == Clone, commit, merge == {{{ $ hg clone project project-work # clone repository $ cd project-work |
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| $ cd ../linux $ hg pull ../linux-work # pull changesets from linux-work $ hg merge # merge the new tip from linux-work into # (old versions used "hg update -m" instead) # our working directory |
$ cd ../project $ <make other changes> $ hg commit $ hg pull ../project-work # pull changesets from project-work $ hg merge # merge the new tip from project-work into our working directory $ hg parents # see the revisions that have been merged into the working directory |
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| }}} == Importing patches == Fast: {{{ $ patch < ../p/foo.patch $ hg addremove # add and remove files added/removed by the patch $ hg commit }}} Faster: {{{ $ patch < ../p/foo.patch $ hg commit `lsdiff -p1 ../p/foo.patch` }}} Fastest: {{{ $ cat ../p/patchlist | xargs hg import -p1 -b ../p |
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| $ hg tip 28237:747a537bd090880c29eae861df4d81b245aa0190 $ hg export 28237 > foo.patch # export changeset 28237 |
$ hg export tip # display the full details of the most recent commit |
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| # pull from the primary Mercurial repo foo$ hg clone http://selenic.com/hg/ foo$ cd hg |
# clone from the primary Mercurial repo $ hg clone http://selenic.com/hg/ $ cd hg |
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| # export your current repo via HTTP with browsable interface foo$ hg serve -n "My repo" -p 80 |
# pull new changesets from an existing other repo into the repository (.hg) $ hg pull http://selenic.com/hg/ |
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| # pushing changes to a remote repo with SSH foo$ hg push ssh://user@example.com/~/hg/ |
# export your current repo via HTTP with browsable interface on port 8000 $ hg serve -n "My repo" |
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| # merge changes from a remote machine bar$ hg pull http://foo/ bar$ hg merge # merge changes into your working directory |
# push changesets to a remote repo with SSH $ hg push ssh://user@example.com/hg/ }}} |
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| # Set up a CGI server on your webserver foo$ cp hgwebdir.cgi ~/public_html/hg/index.cgi foo$ emacs ~/public_html/hg/index.cgi # adjust the defaults }}} |
== See also == * [[BeginnersGuides|Beginner's guides]] * A basic [[Tutorial|tutorial]] * [[ManPages|Manual pages]] ---- [[QuickStartDe|Deutsch]], [[FrenchQuickStart|Français]], [[BrazilianPortugueseQuickStart|Português]], [[ThaiQuickStart|ภาษาไทย]], [[ChineseQuickStart|中文]], [[JapaneseQuickStart|日本語]] |
Quick Start
An introduction for the impatient.
Contents
1. Setting a username
The first thing you should do is set the username Mercurial will use for commits. It's best to configure a proper email address in ~/.hgrc 1 (or on a Windows system in %USERPROFILE%\Mercurial.ini) by creating it and adding lines like the following:
[ui] username = John Doe <john@example.com>
2. Working on an existing Mercurial project
If you have a URL to a browsable project repository (for example http://selenic.com/hg), you can grab a copy like so:
$ hg clone http://selenic.com/hg mercurial-repo real URL is http://www.selenic.com/hg/ requesting all changes adding changesets adding manifests adding file changes added 9633 changesets with 19124 changes to 1271 files updating to branch default 1084 files updated, 0 files merged, 0 files removed, 0 files unresolved
This will create a new directory called mercurial-repo, grab the complete project history, and check out the most recent changeset on the default branch.
The 'summary' command will summarize the state of the working directory. Command names may be abbreviated, so entering just 'hg sum' is enough:
$ hg sum parent: 9632:16698d87ad20 tip util: use sys.argv[0] if $HG is unset and 'hg' is not in PATH branch: default commit: (clean) update: (current)
Here commit: (clean) means that there no local changes, update: (current) means that the checked out files (in the working directory) are updated to the newest revision in the repository.
3. Setting up a new Mercurial project
You'll want to start by creating a repository in the directory containing your project:
$ cd project/ $ hg init # creates .hg
Mercurial will look for a file named .hgignore 2 in the root of your repository which contains a set of glob patterns and regular expressions to ignore in file paths. Here's an example .hgignore file:
syntax: glob *.orig *.rej *~ *.o tests/*.err syntax: regexp .*\#.*\#$
Test your .hgignore file with 'status':
$ hg status # show all non-ignored files
This will list all files that are not ignored with a '?' flag (not tracked). Edit your '.hgignore' file until only files you want to track are listed by status. You'll want to track your .hgignore file too! But you'll probably not want to track files generated by your build process. Once you're satisfied, schedule your files to be added, then commit:
$ hg add # add those 'unknown' files $ hg commit # commit all changes into a new changeset, edit changelog entry $ hg parents # see the currently checked out revision (or changeset)
To get help on commands, simply run:
$ hg help
4. Clone, commit, merge
$ hg clone project project-work # clone repository $ cd project-work $ <make changes> $ hg commit $ cd ../project $ <make other changes> $ hg commit $ hg pull ../project-work # pull changesets from project-work $ hg merge # merge the new tip from project-work into our working directory $ hg parents # see the revisions that have been merged into the working directory $ hg commit # commit the result of the merge
5. Exporting a patch
(make changes) $ hg commit $ hg export tip # display the full details of the most recent commit
6. Network support
# clone from the primary Mercurial repo $ hg clone http://selenic.com/hg/ $ cd hg # pull new changesets from an existing other repo into the repository (.hg) $ hg pull http://selenic.com/hg/ # export your current repo via HTTP with browsable interface on port 8000 $ hg serve -n "My repo" # push changesets to a remote repo with SSH $ hg push ssh://user@example.com/hg/
7. See also
A basic tutorial