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| In ChineseTutorialExport, we learned how to share a change with another person. But since (as of version 0.7) ["Import"] isn't functional enough to handle emailed merges correctly, we're going to demonstrate merging by pulling from another repository that has made an incompatible change. | 在 [[ChineseTutorialShareChange|《教程 - 和别人分享改变》]]一节, 我们学会了如何与其他人共享变更. 但是因为(0.7 版本开始) [[Import]] 不能正确的处理通过邮件发送的合并, 我们要演示如何从其他做了不兼容变更的仓库用拖合并。 |
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| First, we must create something to merge. Let's ["Clone"] the {{{my-hello}}} repository again: | 首先, 我们必须创建合并的目标. 我们再次 [[Clone]] {{{my-hello}}}的仓库: |
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| We are going to give {{{hello.c}}} a description in its comment section. | 我们给 {{{hello.c}}} 的注释段加一段描述. |
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| Let's change the second line from this: | 我们将第二行: |
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| to this: | 改为: |
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| Let's save and quit the editor, and ["Commit"] our change. This time, we save some time by using the {{{-m}}} option to the {{{commit}}} command, to spare us from being dropped into an editor: | 我们存档并退出编辑器, 然后 [[Commit]] 我们的变更. 这次, 我们在{{{commit}}}命令中使用{{{-m}}} 选项来节省时间, 以免我们又要进入编辑器: |
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| At this point, we have made one change to {{{hello.c}}} in the {{{my-hello-new-output}}} [:Repository:仓库], and another change to {{{hello.c}}} in the {{{my-hello-desc}}} [:Repository:仓库]. How do we ''merge'' these two diverging lines of development? Will there be a problem when we want to pull from one into the other? | 这时, 我们已经对 {{{my-hello-new-output}}} [[Repository|仓库]]中的 {{{hello.c}}} 作了一个变更 , 同时对 {{{my-hello-desc}}} [[Repository|仓库]] 中的 {{{hello.c}}} 作了另一个变更. 我们怎样 ''merge'' 这两个分叉开发主线? 我们从一个仓库拖进另外一个仓库的时候会出现问题吗? |
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| This works just fine. While still in {{{my-hello-desc}}}, let's ["Pull"] the changes from {{{my-hello-new-output}}} and see what happens: | 这完全没有问题. 现在仍然在 {{{my-hello-desc}}}中, 我们从 {{{my-hello-new-output}}}中 [[Pull]] 并且看看发生了什么: |
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| This looks just like the output of {{{pull}}} from TutorialShareChange! So all we have to do is an ["Update"] now, right? | 这看起来像 TutorialShareChange! 中 {{{pull}}} 的输出，所以我们现在要进行[[Update]]了, 对吧? |
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| Nope. Something has happened. ["Mercurial"] is telling us that we must ["Merge"] the changes that we made in each [:Repository:仓库]. This sounds painful, right? It's actually very easy. Let's follow the instructions of the last line of output: | 噢，好像发生了什么事情. [[ChineseMercurial|Mercurial]] 告诉我们必须 [[Merge]]每个 [[Repository|仓库]] 中的变更. 看起来有点麻烦, 对吗? 其实很简单. 现在我们按照输出最后一行的指令执行: |
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| That's all there is to it! ["Mercurial"] was able to handle the merge automatically for you, by calling under the covers the {{{hgmerge}}} script (or whatever is your MergeProgram). Depending on your environment, the `hgmerge` may call a graphical merge resolver tool. If we look at {{{hello.c}}}, we find that it contains ''both'' the change from {{{my-hello-new-output}}} and the change from {{{my-hello-desc}}}. | 这就完成了! 通过调用{{{hgmerge}}}脚本(或者你自己定义的合并程序),[[ChineseMercurial|Mercurial]]可以自动的替你完成合并. Depending on your environment, the `hgmerge` may call a graphical merge resolver tool. If we look at {{{hello.c}}}, we find that it contains ''both'' the change from {{{my-hello-new-output}}} and the change from {{{my-hello-desc}}}. |
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| (~-Note: before Mercurial version 0.9, `hg update -m` should have been used in place of `hg merge`-~). | (~-注意：在Mercurial 0.9版之前，因该使用`hg update -m`替代`hg merge`-~). |
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| When working with changes made by other people, this is the kind of merge you will end up performing most of the time. | 当合并他人所做的修改时，大部分时间都是这种还算容易应付的合并方式。 |
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| Let us continue on, however, and learn how to deal with situations where conflicting changes have been made in ChineseTutorialConflict. | 恩，让我们继续去学习如何处理冲突性变更的情况，这部分将在[[ChineseTutorialConflict|合并有冲突的改变]]中介绍。 |
教程 - 合并改变
在 《教程 - 和别人分享改变》一节, 我们学会了如何与其他人共享变更. 但是因为(0.7 版本开始) Import 不能正确的处理通过邮件发送的合并, 我们要演示如何从其他做了不兼容变更的仓库用拖合并。
首先, 我们必须创建合并的目标. 我们再次 Clone my-hello的仓库:
$ cd .. $ hg clone my-hello my-hello-desc
我们给 hello.c 的注释段加一段描述.
$ cd my-hello-desc $ vi hello.c
我们将第二行:
* hello.c
改为:
* hello.c - hello, world
我们存档并退出编辑器, 然后 Commit 我们的变更. 这次, 我们在commit命令中使用-m 选项来节省时间, 以免我们又要进入编辑器:
$ hg commit -m 'Add description of hello.c'
这时, 我们已经对 my-hello-new-output 仓库中的 hello.c 作了一个变更 , 同时对 my-hello-desc 仓库 中的 hello.c 作了另一个变更. 我们怎样 merge 这两个分叉开发主线? 我们从一个仓库拖进另外一个仓库的时候会出现问题吗?
这完全没有问题. 现在仍然在 my-hello-desc中, 我们从 my-hello-new-output中 Pull 并且看看发生了什么:
$ hg pull ../my-hello-new-output pulling from ../my-hello-new-output searching for changes adding changesets adding manifests adding file changes added 1 changesets with 1 changes to 1 files (+1 heads) (run 'hg update' to get a working copy)
这看起来像 TutorialShareChange! 中 pull 的输出，所以我们现在要进行Update了, 对吧?
$ hg update this update spans a branch affecting the following files: hello.c (resolve) aborting update spanning branches! (use 'hg merge' to merge across branches or 'hg update -C' to lose changes)
噢，好像发生了什么事情. Mercurial 告诉我们必须 Merge每个 仓库 中的变更. 看起来有点麻烦, 对吗? 其实很简单. 现在我们按照输出最后一行的指令执行:
$ hg merge merging hello.c
这就完成了! 通过调用hgmerge脚本(或者你自己定义的合并程序),Mercurial可以自动的替你完成合并. Depending on your environment, the hgmerge may call a graphical merge resolver tool. If we look at hello.c, we find that it contains both the change from my-hello-new-output and the change from my-hello-desc.
(注意：在Mercurial 0.9版之前，因该使用hg update -m替代hg merge).
当合并他人所做的修改时，大部分时间都是这种还算容易应付的合并方式。
恩，让我们继续去学习如何处理冲突性变更的情况，这部分将在合并有冲突的改变中介绍。